• br METHODS br RESULTS br Discussion

  2022-07-27

  

  METHODS RESULTS Discussion Numerous studies have proposed various hypotheses and models to explain how neuroinflammation could contribute to the chronic fatigue, postexertional fatigue, and cognitive deficits observed in patients with ME/CFS.12, 13, 14, 15 Although neuroimaging studies have

• In this study we further expanded the antitumor

  2022-07-27

  

  In this study, we further expanded the antitumor bioactivity, with the BALB/c S-180 tumor model, which is long-established due to its highly aggressive in all strains of laboratory mice and rats (Cui et al., 2003). We investigated the tumor-regressing ability of β-glucan by different modes of admini

• We found that most antigenic

  2022-07-27

  

  We found that most antigenic regions in GlyT1C are located in the second half of the GlyT1C-terminus, which is in concert with previously published results (Olivares et al., 1994). We however further show that in contrast to epitopes 554–625 which are affected by calcium only minimally, the epitopes

• A considerable body of evidence suggests that alcohols volat

  2022-07-27

  

  A considerable body of evidence suggests that alcohols, volatile anesthetics and inhaled drugs of abuse act at discrete sites on glycine and GABAA receptors, specifically within circumscribed protein pockets (Mascia et al., 2000, Mihic et al., 1997, Beckstead et al., 2000). An amino neostigmine brom

• There were significant differences in mRNA expression levels

  2022-07-27

  

  There were significant differences in mRNA expression levels observed for 7 out of 15 analyzed genes. This observation suggests, that selection of a reference/control group may influence interpretation of gene expression studies performed in liver pathologies. This study directly evidenced that anal

• In conclusion we demonstrated that extrasynaptic glutamate

  2022-07-27

  

  In conclusion, we demonstrated that extrasynaptic glutamate could in situ affect the AA metabolism via brain CYPs. CYP1B1 and CYP2U1 genes in the astrocytes are the downstream genes of CREB, and the up-regulation of CYP1B1 and CYP2U1 expression by glutamate was due to the increases in phosphorylated

• Tight junctions regulate the transfer

  2022-07-27

  

  Tight junctions regulate the transfer of ions as well as small molecules across endothelial barriers (Li et al., 2015). We also investigated whether resistin affects tight junctions, which play an important role in the conformation of polarized endothelial barriers (Matsuzaki et al., 2010). A previo

• One may carefully evaluate the concept pancreas

  2022-07-27

  

  One may carefully evaluate the concept ‘pancreas derived GLP-1′ as this may dependent on the specificity of the LY2409881 used in immunohistochemistry or radiommunoassays. If either a side-viewing antibody or a C-terminal wrapping antibody raised against GLP-1 is applied one may also identify N-term

• br Genetic manipulation variation of the ghrelin system and

  2022-07-27

  

  Genetic manipulation/variation of the ghrelin system and alcohol-related outcomes Genetic manipulation of the ghrelin system (either the peptide or the receptor gene) via knockout rodent models has provided further insight into the role of this system in alcohol seeking and consummatory behaviors

• More recently NMR techniques have been used to monitor K

  2022-07-27

  

  More recently, NMR techniques have been used to monitor K+ () fluxes in isolated rat hearts. These reveal an increased rate of passive efflux of from Langendorff-perfused hearts at 20°C compared to 36°C or 10°C (Gruwel, Kuzio, Xiang, Deslauriers, & Kupriyanov, 1998). Similar experiments assessed th

• There is increasing evidence that Cxs in astrocytes may play

  2022-07-27

  

  There is increasing evidence that Cxs in astrocytes may play a role in several models of brain pathologies. Interestingly their roles are at the moment more considered through their hemichannel function (Bennett et al., 2012; Bosch and Kielian, 2014; Davidson et al., 2013; Orellana et al., 2016; Kim

• The G protein coupled receptor GPR

  2022-07-27

  

  The G protein-coupled receptor, GPR40 (also called FFAR1) responds to medium and long chain unsaturated fatty acids, resulting in increase of insulin secretion during elevated glucose levels. The glucose dependency of insulin secretion makes this receptor a very good target for developing therapies

• Compound and several additional FPR

  2022-07-27

  

  Compound 10 and several additional FPR1 antagonists identified here specifically blocked fMLF-induced responses mediated via FPR1 in FPR1-HL60 Fmoc-Lys(Dnp)-OH and human neutrophils, but not responses mediated via FPR2 or FPR3 (in human neutrophils and transfected HL60 cells) or Fpr1 (murine neutrop

• Distribution of histamine receptors in

  2022-07-26

  

  Distribution of histamine receptors in the intestines varies among species, but our findings are similar to those previously reported in humans and guinea pigs (Thurmond, 2010, Thurmond, 2015). H1 receptors were located mainly in the gastric mucosa, smooth muscle, and lymphoid tissue, corresponding

• br Methods br Results br

  2022-07-26

  

  Methods Results Discussion Exercise results in a remarkable redistribution of blood flow, which increases in active skeletal muscles but decreases in the splanchnic circulation. The regional blood flow in the kidney, spleen, stomach and intestine was measured by using the microsphere techni

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